If we understand what Capabilities are needed to produce business value or fulfill a mission, we can then identify what technical or operational requirements are needed to deliver those capabilities — Glen B. Alleman
This is a closing quote from a paper in The Public Manager, Vol. 43, No. 3, Fall 2014. American Society for Training & Development, Inc.
Without knowing what Capabilities are needed for success, we can't know what done looks like in units of measure meaningful to the decision makers. The units of measure for capabilities are Effectiveness (MOE) of the solution and Performance (MOP) of the elements that deliver that effectiveness. Without these MOE's and MOP's, only the passage of time and consumption of money are the measures of progress to plan.